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Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 By Irfan Khan

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Book Name Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Author Irfan Khan
Publisher Commercial Law Publishers
Edition Edn. – 2027
ISBN 9789378330032
Pages 608

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HSN/SAC Code49011010
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Description

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 – Edition 2027 by Irfan Khan, published by Commercial Law Publishers, is a comprehensive legal reference on India’s principal legislation relating to offences and criminal liability.

Spread across 608 pages, the book provides detailed coverage of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, including its provisions relating to offences, punishments, general exceptions, abetment, criminal conspiracy, offences against the human body and property, and other areas of substantive criminal law.

The publication is designed to assist readers in understanding and interpreting the provisions of the new criminal law framework. It is a useful reference for advocates, judges, prosecutors, law students, academicians, researchers, and legal professionals involved in criminal law practice and study.

📘 Key Features:

  • Comprehensive reference on the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
  • Updated 2027 Edition
  • Detailed coverage of substantive criminal law provisions
  • Useful for legal research, study, practice, and litigation
  • Suitable for advocates, students, academicians, and legal professionals
  • Published by Commercial Law Publishers

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Section / Chapter Contents Page
CHAPTER I — PRELIMINARY
1 Short title, commencement and application 1
Reason of above said amendment 2
Intra-territorial Jurisdiction 2
Concept of “Every Person” u/s 1(3) of the BNS 2
Territory of India 3
Exemption from criminal prosecution 4
Extra-territorial operation 4
Admiralty Jurisdiction 4
Cyber Crime Targeting a Computer Resource Located in India 5
2 Definition 5
Meaning of the term ‘Counterfeit’ 6
Concept of ‘Dishonesty’ 7
Concept of ‘Fraudulently’ 9
Key Elements of the Definition 9
Distinction between ‘Dishonestly’ and ‘Fraudulently’ 9
Summary 10
Recognition to ‘Third Gender’ 11
Issues Before the Court 11
Judgment of the Supreme Court 11
Significance and Impact 12
Concept of ‘Good Faith’ 12
Key Elements of Good Faith 13
Illustrations of “Good Faith” 13
Injury can be to: 14
Concept of Illegal 15
“Legally Bound to Do” – What It Means 15
Concept of Judge 16
Concept of Local Law 17
Concept of property and movable property 17
General meaning of property 18
Movable Property 18
Concept of ‘Offence’ 19
Essential Ingredients of an Offence 19
Concept of omission 19
Categories of Persons under BNS 20
Legal or Juridical Persons 20
Distinction between ‘Public Servant’ and ‘Government Servant’ 23
Key Elements 23
The Mental Element of Crime | Mens Rea 26
Key elements of a Will 26
Concept of Wrongful Gain and Wrongful Loss 27
3 General Explanations 29
Object 31
For Example 32
Section 3(3) of the BNS 32
Section 113(7) – Terrorist act 32
Section 3(3) – Constructive Possession 32
Section 3(4) – Act 33
Act includes “Illegal Omissions” 33
Concept of “Common Intention” enumerated u/s 3(5) of the BNS 33
Criminal act done by several persons 34
Common Intention 34
Criminal Act must be done by one of the accused persons in furtherance of common intention of all 35
Common Intention may develop on the spot 35
Kripal Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh, AIR 1954 SC 706 35
Mere presence of accused not indicative of common intention 36
Single accused may also be convicted by the application of section 3(5) of the BNS 37
Distinction between “same” or “similar” intention and “common intention” 37
Legal implications of “same” or “similar” intention and “common intention” 37
Illustrations 37
Distinction between common intention [section 3(5)] and common object [section 190] of the BNS 37
Physical Presence not sine qua non 40
Effect of conviction or acquittal of one or more or others 40
Act done with a criminal knowledge [Section 3(6)] 40
Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission [Section 3(7)] 41
Co-operation in doing several acts constituting offence [Section 3(8)] 42
Barendra Kumar Ghosh v. King Emperor, AIR 1925 PC 1 43
Person concerned in criminal act may be guilty of different offences [Section 3(9)] 43
CHAPTER II — OF PUNISHMENTS
4 Punishments 44
New kinds of punishment suggested 46
K.M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra AIR 1962 (SC) 605 46
5 Commutation of Sentence 47
Commutation of Appropriate Government 48
Power to commute sentence [Section 474 of the BNSS] 48
Restriction on powers of remission or commutation in certain cases [Section 475 of the BNSS] 48
Key Features of Section 474 48
Commutation under the Constitution of India 49
Concept of Pardon 49
Types of Executive Clemency (Relief) 49
Power of the President to grant Pardon [Article 72 of the Constitution] 50
Mercy Petition rejected by President 50
“Commutation” and “Remission” 51
6 Fractions of terms of punishment 52
Application to Life Imprisonment 53
Purpose of the Section 53
Related Case Laws 53
7 Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple 53
8 Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc. 54
Fine not to be excessive [Section 8(1)] 56
Sentence and Penalty [Section 8(2)] 56
Power of Magistrate to impose Sentence of imprisonment in default of fine 56
Section 24 of the BNSS – Sentence of imprisonment in default of fine 56
Limit to imprisonment for non-payment of fine or default of community service [Section 8(3)] 57
Description of imprisonment for non-payment of fine or default of community service [Section 8(4)] 57
Imprisonment of non-payment of fine or default of community service when offence punishable with fine or community service [Section 8(5)] 57
Imprisonment to terminate on payment of fine [Section 8(6)(a)] 57
Termination of imprisonment on payment of proportional part of fine [Section 8(6)(b)] 57
9 Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences 57
10 Punishment of person guilty of one of Several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which 58
11 Solitary confinement 60
12 Limit of solitary confinement 61
13 Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction 61
CHAPTER III — GENERAL EXCEPTIONS
Introduction 62
Burden of proof on the accused to prove an Exception 63
14 Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law 63
Key Elements of Mistake of Fact 63
Landmark English Case on Mistake of Fact 64
Difference between Mistake of Fact and Mistake of Law 64
Concept of Mistake of Law 64
15 Act of Judge when acting judicially 65
Important Elements of the section 65
Limitations/When protection does not apply 65
16 Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court 66
17 Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law 66
Key Elements of Section 17 67
Distinction between section 14 and section 17 67
18 Accident in doing a lawful act 67
Essential Elements 68
Concept of lawful act in a lawful manner by lawful means 68
Accident and Misfortune 69
19 Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm 69
20 Act of a child under seven years of age 71
21 Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding 72
22 Act of a person of unsound mind 73
Concept of Unsoundness of Mind 74
Test of Insanity | Mc’Naughten’s Case 74
The Mc’Naughten Rules (Principles) 74
Ingredients of section 22 75
Types of Conditions Considered as Unsoundness of Mind 75
Important Aspects 75
Relevant Case Law on Insanity 75
23 Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will 77
24 Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated 78
Concept of Voluntarily Intoxication 78
Principles Laid Down by the Supreme Court 78
25 Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent 79
General Principle 79
Policy of the provisions 80
Important Legal Maxim 80
Consent- Express or Implied 80
Consent as a Question of Fact 80
Consent not a Defence to cause unlawful grievous bodily harm 81
26 Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit 81
27 Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian 82
28 Consent known to be given under fear or misconception 83
29 Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused 84
30 Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent 85
31 Communication made in good faith 86
32 Act to which a person is compelled by threats 87
33 Act causing slight harm 89
OF THE RIGHT OF PRIVATE DEFENCE
34 Things done in private defence 90
35 Right of private defence of body and of property 93
36 Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc. 96
37 Acts against which there is no right of private defence 97
38 When right of private defence of body extends to causing death 98
39 When such right extends to causing any harm other than death 99
40 Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body 100
41 When right of private defence of property extends to causing death 100
42 When such right extends to causing any harm other than death 101
43 Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property 102
44 Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person 102
CHAPTER IV — OF ABETMENT, CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY AND ATTEMPT
45 Abetment of a thing 104
46 Abettor 108
47 Abetment in India of offences outside India 112
48 Abetment outside India for offence in India 113
49 Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment 114
50 Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor 114
51 Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done 115
52 Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done 116
53 Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor 117
54 Abettor present when offence is committed 118
55 Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life 118
56 Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment 119
57 Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons 120
58 Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life 121
59 Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent 121
60 Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment 122
61 Criminal conspiracy 123
62 Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment 128
CHAPTER V — OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMAN AND CHILD
63 Rape 133
64 Punishment for rape 134
65 Punishment for rape in certain cases 144
66 Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim 145
67 Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation 145
68 Sexual intercourse by a person in authority 146
69 Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc. 148
70 Gang rape 149
71 Punishment for repeat offenders 151
72 Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc. 156
73 Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission 157
74 Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty 157
75 Sexual harassment 159
76 Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe 159
77 Voyeurism 159
78 Stalking 160
79 Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman 161
80 Dowry death 162
81 Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage 166
82 Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife 166
83 Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage 169
84 Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman 170
85 Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty 172
86 Cruelty defined 172
87 Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc. 174
88 Causing miscarriage 174
89 Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent 177
90 Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage 177
91 Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth 178
92 Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide 178
93 Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it 179
94 Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body 180
95 Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence 180
96 Procuration of child 181
97 Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person 181
98 Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc. 181
99 Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc. 182
CHAPTER VI — OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE HUMAN BODY
100 Culpable homicide 184
101 Murder 184
102 Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended 196
103 Punishment for murder 197
104 Punishment for murder by life-convict 200
105 Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder 201
106 Causing death by negligence 202
107 Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind 205
108 Abetment of suicide 206
109 Attempt to murder 207
110 Attempt to commit culpable homicide 209
111 Organised crime 210
112 Petty organised crime 214
113 Terrorist Act 214
114 Hurt 219
115 Voluntarily causing hurt 221
116 Grievous hurt 221
117 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt 223
118 Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means 224
119 Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal Act 225
120 Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property 225
121 Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty 226
122 Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation 227
123 Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence 227
124 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc. 227
125 Act endangering life or personal safety of others 230
126 Wrongful restraint 230
127 Wrongful confinement 232
128 Force 234
129 Criminal force 235
130 Assault 236
131 Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation 238
132 Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty 238
133 Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation 239
134 Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person 239
135 Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person 239
136 Assault or criminal force on grave provocation 239
137 Kidnapping 240
138 Abduction 243
139 Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging 244
140 Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc. 246
141 Importation of girl or boy from foreign country 249
142 Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person 249
143 Trafficking of person 249
144 Exploitation of a trafficked person 250
145 Habitual dealing in slaves 251
146 Unlawful compulsory labour 252
CHAPTER VII — OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE
147 Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India 254
148 Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147 259
149 Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India 259
150 Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war 260
151 Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power 261
152 Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India 261
153 Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India 264
154 Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India 264
155 Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154 265
156 Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape 265
157 Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape 266
158 Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner 266
CHAPTER VIII — OF OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE
159 Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty 267
160 Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof 267
161 Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office 267
162 Abetment of such assault, if assault committed 268
163 Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman 268
164 Harbouring deserter 268
165 Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master 269
166 Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman 269
167 Persons subject to certain Acts 269
168 Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman 269
CHAPTER IX — OF OFFENCES RELATING TO ELECTIONS
169 Candidate, electoral right defined 271
170 Bribery 271
171 Undue influence at elections 272
172 Personation at elections 272
173 Punishment for bribery 273
174 Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election 273
175 False statement in connection with an election 273
176 Illegal payments in connection with an election 274
177 Failure to keep election accounts 274
CHAPTER X — OF OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN, CURRENCY-NOTES, BANK-NOTES, AND GOVERNMENT STAMPS
178 Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes 275
179 Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes 276
180 Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes 276
181 Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes 277
182 Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes 277
183 Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government 278
184 Using Government stamp known to have been before used 278
185 Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used 278
186 Prohibition of fictitious stamps 279
187 Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law 279
188 Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint 280
CHAPTER XI — OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY
189 Unlawful assembly 281
190 Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object 287
191 Rioting 288
192 Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed 290
193 Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place 290
194 Affray 292
195 Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc. 294
196 Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony 294
197 Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration 297
CHAPTER XII — OF OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS
198 Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person 298
199 Public servant disobeying direction under law 298
200 Punishment for non-treatment of victim 299
201 Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury 299
202 Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade 299
203 Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property 300
204 Personating a public servant 300
205 Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent 300
CHAPTER XIII — OF CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS
206 Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding 301
207 Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof 301
208 Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant 302
209 Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 302
210 Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it 303
211 Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it 303
212 Furnishing false information 304
213 Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it 305
214 Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question 306
215 Refusing to sign statement 306
216 False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation 307
217 False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person 308
218 Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant 309
219 Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant 309
220 Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant 310
221 Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions 310
222 Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance 311
223 Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant 311
224 Threat of injury to public servant 312
225 Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant 312
226 Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power 313
CHAPTER XIV — OF FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE
227 Giving false evidence 314
228 Fabricating false evidence 317
229 Punishment for false evidence 319
230 Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence 320
231 Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment 320
232 Threatening any person to give false evidence 321
233 Using evidence known to be false 321
234 Issuing or signing false certificate 321
235 Using as true a certificate known to be false 322
236 False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence 322
237 Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false 323
238 Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender 323
239 Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform 325
240 Giving false information respecting an offence committed 325
241 Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence 326
242 False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution 327
243 Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution 327
244 Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution 328
245 Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due 328
246 Dishonestly making false claim in Court 329
247 Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due 329
248 False charge of offence made with intent to injure 329
249 Harbouring offender 330
250 Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment 332
251 Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender 332
252 Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc. 333
253 Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered 333
254 Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits 334
255 Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture 335
256 Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture 335
257 Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law 336
258 Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law 336
259 Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend 336
260 Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed 337
261 Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant 338
262 Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension 338
263 Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person 339
264 Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for 339
265 Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for 340
266 Violation of condition of remission of punishment 341
267 Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding 341
268 Personation of assessor 342
269 Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court 342
CHAPTER XV — OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS
270 Public nuisance 343
271 Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life 344
272 Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life 346
273 Disobedience to quarantine rule 346
274 Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale 346
275 Sale of noxious food or drink 347
276 Adulteration of drugs 347
277 Sale of adulterated drugs 348
278 Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation 348
279 Fouling water of public spring or reservoir 348
280 Making atmosphere noxious to health 349
281 Rash driving or riding on a public way 351
282 Rash navigation of vessel 353
283 Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy 353
284 Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel 353
285 Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation 354
286 Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance 354
287 Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter 355
288 Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance 355
289 Negligent conduct with respect to machinery 355
290 Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc. 356
291 Negligent conduct with respect to animal 356
292 Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for 356
293 Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue 357
294 Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc. 357
295 Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child 360
296 Obscene acts and songs 360
297 Keeping lottery office 361
CHAPTER XVI — OF OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION
298 Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class 363
299 Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs 365
300 Disturbing religious assembly 366
301 Trespassing on burial places, etc. 366
302 Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person 367
CHAPTER XVII — OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY
303 Theft 369
304 Snatching 375
305 Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc. 376
306 Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master 377
307 Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft 377
308 Extortion 378
309 Robbery 382
310 Dacoity 387
311 Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt 391
312 Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon 391
313 Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc. 391
314 Dishonest misappropriation of property 392
315 Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death 396
316 Criminal breach of trust 397
317 Stolen property 403
318 Cheating 406
319 Cheating by personation 412
320 Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors 413
321 Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors 413
322 Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration 414
323 Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property 414
324 Mischief 414
325 Mischief by killing or maiming animal 418
326 Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc. 418
327 Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden 420
328 Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc. 420
329 Criminal trespass and house-trespass 420
330 House-trespass and house-breaking 425
331 Punishment for house-trespass or house-breaking 427
332 House-trespass in order to commit offence 429
333 House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint 430
334 Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property 430
CHAPTER XVIII — OF OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS AND TO PROPERTY MARKS
335 Making a false document 431
336 Forgery 434
337 Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc. 436
338 Forgery of valuable security, will, etc. 437
339 Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine 437
340 Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine 437
341 Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338 438
342 Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material 439
343 Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security 439
344 Falsification of accounts 440
345 Property mark 440
346 Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury 441
347 Counterfeiting a property mark 442
348 Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark 442
349 Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark 443
350 Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods 443
CHAPTER XIX — OF CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT, ANNOYANCE, DEFAMATION, ETC.
351 Criminal intimidation 444
352 Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace 446
353 Statements conducing to public mischief 446
354 Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure 447
355 Misconduct in public by a drunken person 448
356 Defamation 449
357 Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person 458
CHAPTER XX — REPEAL AND SAVINGS
358 Repeal and savings 459
IMPORTANT CASE LAWS 462

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